The Horners of Scar House in the township of Stonebeck Down were of wealthy yeoman stock [270] .  Scar House is very near Heathen Carr, or Hadan Carr, and it is highly probable that the two sets of Horners are connected.      

      The Grange at Scar House was one of ten granges of Bylands Abbey which were based north of How Stean Beck [336] . Bylands Abbey practised tenant right and had allowed grange keepers to hold their land by tenant right. So, if they protected the land against marauders and delivered the required amount of stock and produce to the Abbey at set times they were allowed to clear land for subsistence farming and to divide the farms and pass their holdings onto their children.

Early Scar House Horners

      In 1515 a John Horner is recorded at Scar House as an armiger [270a] . However, as yet no proof of this knighthood has been found. Another John Horner, who may or may not be the same man is recorded at Skarhouse in the subsidy rolls of 1539 [270b] .  At the dissolution, the old Mowbray estates were granted to William Pickering, who commissioned a compotus of his lands in 1540 [271] . In 1540, a John Horner farmed West Ing, a parcel of land at Winterside, and Calf close in Sharrehouse, or Scar House [272] . It is highly probable that this is the same man. A John Horner of Scar House was proved administration in 1582 who may be the same man [332] . His estate was worth £19 and seven shillings. His witness was Henry Horner of Stean [333] . John Horner may be the same John Horner of Skarhouse named as a recusant in 1580 [334] .

     By 1545 a Ralph Horner is recorded at Skar House who may have been the son of John Horner [296] . Ralph Horner came into dispute with Sir John Yorke who had purchased the Byland Earth estate in 1547. His parents had moved into the former monastic Grange of Gouthwaite on the dissolution of the monasteries. Sir John Yorke and Ralph Horner, yeoman of Skarhouse disputed tenancy rights. Sir John complained to chancery that Ralph had without any title expulsed him from a messuage, 20 acres of meadow and 14 acres of pasture and taken the profits to himself [297] . It is not known whether Ralph Horner managed to keep this estate! These may be the same lands, which were demised to Thomas Horner of Skar House (below), who may have been a son of Ralph Horner.

Roger Horner of Scar House

     In 1539 a Roger Horner is recorded as living at Newhouses. In 1545 Roger Horner of Newhouses is again recorded, and in the subsidy rolls of 1568 and 1597-9 [298] . In 1539 Ramsgill was held by Christopher and Roger Horner [335] . It is possible that this may be the same man, or there may be a few Roger Horners, perhaps members of the same family.

      At Heathen Carr in Stonebeck Up township, a Roger Horner is recorded as having the farm of the tenement and also farmed Great Ing, Caldf have, and a parcel of Cow Close at Wooddale who may be the same man [337] . In the dissolution valuation of 1539 a Leonard Horner of Haden Carr is recorded who may be the same man as that recorded in the subsidy rolls of 1545 and 1568 for Haden Carr [283] . Leonard may have been the son of Roger Horner.

Leonard Horner of Heathfield

      This may be the same Leonard Horner of Nithordale whose will was proved on 1 October 1586 [320] . He left all that he owned in Nouforth, to the value of £7, 12 shillings and 7d, to his son John Horner. This Leonard Horner was probably the same Leonard Horner recorded in the dissolution valuation of Bylands Abbey for Heathfield [321] . His son John is probably recorded in the 1597/9 subsidy rolls for Bylands. Leonard Horner of Heathfield also had a son Leonard baptised in Pateley Bridge in 1558 [322] . Leonard may have been the son of a Leonard Horner Senior of Heathfield buried in 1562 [323] .

      The connection is not clear, but in 1582 the will of an Agnes Horner of Hathan Care was registered in York [273] .She left her estate to her son John Horner, except payments to Robert Askwith of five shillings, and Ralph Rayner of 14 shillings. Her executors were Roger Craven and Thomas Horner. It is possible that she was the wife of Leonard Horner above and had her own lands to leave their son John Horner. An Elizabeth Horner of Heathen Carr also left a will in 1615 [277] .

      In 1595, a Roger Horner was a witness to the will of Adam Bayne of Newhouses in Netherdale, and a John and Robert Horner were beneficiaries, receiving two lambs in the will [278] . This may indicate a very early family relationship with the Baynes’ of Limley. This Roger Horner was also named in deeds regarding lands at Crossflatts, Kirkby Malzeard and Grewelthorpe in 1593 [279] . It is possible that Roger was also involved in the riots of 1598 [280] . This may be the same Roger Horner as the Roger Horner of Lodge whose will was proved at York in 1603 [281] . In his will Roger names Peter and Christopher Horner as his sons. The witness was Henry Horner.

Christopher Horner of Scar House

      Roger Horner's son Christopher may be the Christopher Horner of Scarrhouse, yeoman, who left a will in 1606 [325] . Christopher appears to die without heirs as he gives his goods to his mother and siblings. He left his goods to his mother and five brothers Peter, John, Edward, Thomas, William and his three sisters Ellyn, Frances and Elizabeth. He also mentions his cousin John Horner, and gives a bequest to Cicely Horner, daughter of Leonard Horner of Netherdale. He also mentions a brother Ralph, and his daughter, and a sister Kathryn, and her three daughters . Peter and John Horner were his executors. His witnesses were Anthony Wilson and Christopher Horner.

      Christopher Horner's brother Ralph appears to have died before 1606. This may be the  Ralph Horner who was given administration in 1603 [331] . Ralph Horner of Netherdale left his goods to his wife Margaret and his daughter Elizabeth. His witnesses were William Grange of Ramsgill and William Bramley of Grange. This Ralph Horner may be the same man who disputed lands with Thomas Wardropper in Ripon in 1587 [284] . A Gyles Horner of Ripon married Susan Wardropper in 1602 [338] . This may be connected with an Isabella Horner who marries a John Wardrop in 1602 in Pateley Bridge [285] .This connection between Horners and Wardrops seems to have started in the early sixteenth century [286] . There are also possible connections with the Ripon Horners.

      It is possible that a Thomas and Lambert Horner of Colthouse were connected to Christopher Horner of Scarrhouse. Thomas Horner may have been a brother to Christopher Horner of Scarhouse. Lambert Horner of Colthouse and his father Thomas were named as recusants in 1580 [326] . Lambert Horner, married a Sisilee Ingleby in Clapham and Pateley Bridge in 1573 [327] . Cicely Horner was buried in Ripon in 1579 [328] . This Lambert Horner of Cowton died in 1583 [329 . Lambert left all his goods to his father. It is highly possible that Sisilee Ingleby was a daughter of John Ingleby of Lawkland who had married Anne Clapham of Beamsley [330] . If so, then this branch of Horners would have been of the same social status as the Inglebys of Lawkland. John Ingleby bought Lawkland Hall in the late sixteenth century.

     Although the connections between Christopher, Ralph and Thomas are tenuous, a much stronger connection is made with a Leonard Horner of Netherdale who left a will proved in York in June 1582 [324] . He left Isabell, his servant, ten shillings and he gave twenty shillings to the poor. He also left an annuity of £26 shillings and eight pence to be paid to Margaret Scott daughter of Richard Scott of Moorehouse, for ten years . The rest of his estate he left to his base begotton daughter Cicely Horner alias Grange. Roger Horner of Woodhouse and John Scott of Steane, both yeomen, were executors. The total of the estate was £22, 6 shillings and eight pence. Christopher Horner of Scar House had also made a bequest to Cecily, daughter of Leonard Horner, in 1606, and it is highly probable that these two lines were connected by family ties.   

Thomas Horner of Scar House

It is possible that the Horners of Scarhouse and Limley are related, but by 1609 there are two distinct lines of Horners in Stonebeckup.  In that year, a Thomas Horner of Skar House was a witness to a lease of land in Newhouses [287] . This was the same year in which a George Horner sold a lease on two farms at Limley to Walter Bayne [288] . In 1625 Thomas Horner of Skar House, in Heathen Carr, was demised land in Newhouses by Sir John Yorke along with seven others [289] . One of these was Christopher Bayne, the younger son of Walter Bayne of Limley. Given later Bayne family connections with the Horners of Sykes it is possible that the Horners of Sykes were a younger branch of these Horners of Scar House.  The Thomas Horner of 1609 may be the same man as in 1625. In 1634 Thomas Horner of Scar House was mentioned in the will of Thomas Moorhouse of Thrope. His child was Thomas Moorhouses godchild and was left five shillings [282] .

The connection is not at present clear, but a Thomas Horner also witnessed a transfer of land by a Roger Horner of Skar House in Netherdale, in 1656/7 [290] . Roger Horner is described as a yeoman and owes a debt of £80 to a John Handley of Newhouses. To redeem the debt Roger gave Mr. Handley £5, four cattlegates, and two thirds of a cattlegate in a pasture called Carleside [291] . It would seem that Roger Horner had made a bargain as John Handley gave Roger six cattlegates in Turner Carre and Newhouse Grange. Either some arithmetic was wrong, or the lands that Roger Horner gave to John Handley were more valuable than the ones he received [292] .

Roger Horner of Heathen Carr

       In his will in 1662 a Roger Horner of Heathen Carr states that he is a lessee under George Horner of West House. As Roger Horner was buried in Middlesmoor, the chapelry for Wooddale, this would seem highly probable [293] . If this Roger Horner is the same man as the Roger Horner of Skar House it would appear that the Horners of Skar House are a junior branch of the Horners of Westhouse! A Roger Horner owed £8 to Nicholas Yeoman of Hampsthwaite in 1658, who may be the same man.

       It is highly probable that the John and Christopher Horner who witnessed the sale of Thwaites House in Newhouses in 1654 were part of the line of Thomas Horner of Skar House, and may have been the sons of Roger Horner of Skar House [294] . As this Thomas had been demised land in Newhouses that would make perfect sense. These Horners may even be connected to the Horners of Sykes [295] . They witnessed the sale of Thwaites house to Ralph Dowson, son of Ann Dowson and step-son of Francis Horner of Sykes. This makes the connection even more probable.

Thomas Horner of Heathen Carr

       A Thomas Horner of Heathen Carr left a will in 1682 who may be connected to the earlier Thomas Horner of Skar House [339] . It is highly probable that he was an Independent or Calvinist as he makes reference in his will to heaven being for the 'elect and chosen' [340] . He was a wealthy man but seems to have loaned out large sums of money, totalling nearly £200 [341] .

       Thomas left the majority of his lands to his 'son' Henry Hammond, who was also recorded as owing Thomas £40 [342] . It is assumed that this was a son-in-law rather than a son. He also left his 'son' John Hammond of Ripon and his daughter Elizabeth fifteen pounds in lieu of his daughter's marriage portion [343] . Elizabeth Horner had married John Hammond in Ripon in 1678 so the reference in the will to his 'son' John Hammond is obviously an abreviation for 'son-in-law' [344] . However the fifteen pounds was to be waived by John Hammond as Henry Hammond had 'paid for his wifes part on cliffe houses' [345] . John Hammond is also recorded as owing Thomas Horner £15 in an inventory of his goods taken in 1682 [346] . This may be a property in Bradley in Coverdale where John Hammond resided in 1682 [347] . It would appear that Henry Hammond and John Hammond had married the two daughters and heiresses of John Horner of Heathen Carr [348] .

       Elizabeth Hammond nee Horner would be given thirty pounds in lieu of six cattlegates in Karlside if she had a child that survived to be six months old [349] . This is interesting as it connects Thomas Horner of Heathen Carr with the Thomas Horner who witnessed the conveyance of lands at Karlside to Roger Handley in 1556 [350] . It is highly probable that Roger and Thomas were brothers who both had messuages in Karlside. The six cattlegates were valued at £60 in Thomas's inventory, so Elizabeth was being given half their market value in lieu of her rights [351] . This is a strange bequest and it may be that Elizabeth had had many children in her first four years of marriage that had not survived. If Elizabeth only had daughters they were to be given only ten shillings [352] . Thomas Horner is certainly trying to keep the lands together for his main heir Henry Hammond.

      However,Thomas Horner had a grandson Roger Horner who was only left only ten shillings, and it would seem that therefore he also had a son who had predeceased him [353] . The connection is not clear, but it would seem strange to leave his whole estate to his daughters husband Henry Hammond when he had a grandson, unless Roger Horner were born out of wedlock. It is possible that Roger Horner was the son of John's eldest daughter, born illegitimately, whose parents later married. This would make Roger Horner the son of Henry Hammond, and it would be highly likely that he would inherit the lands on Henry Hammond's death. Alternatively Thomas may have conveyed lands to his sons before he made his will, the cattlegates at Karlside being those lands kept primarily for the dowries of his daughters. A Thomas Horner and Henry Horner are both recorded as owing Thomas monies in 1682, who may be his sons or close cousins [354] .

       It is probable that Thomas Horner held the lands in freehold as he left his 'brother', probably brother-in-law, John Broadley and his 'brother' George small annuities [355] . John Broadley may have married Margaret Horner, perhaps a sister to Thomas Horner [356] . Thomas's brother George may be either George Horner of West Houses or George Horner of Woodale, both of whom owed him £10 at the time of his death [357] . Given the close connections between the West House Horners and Heathen Carr it is highly probable that this George Horner was of West Houses, and may be the same man had the leasehold of Heathen Carr in 1662 [358] . Thomas may well have inhabited Heathen Carr since 1662 when Roger Horner died, and may have also been a lessee under George Horner of Westhouses. Thomas only bequeathes cattlegates at Karlside and not at Heathen Carr which seems to substantiate this. George Horner appears to have only one child Francis Watters [359] . Other small bequests were also made [360] .

Roger and John Horner of Heathen Carr

      It is highly likey that Thomas Horner of Heathen Carr's grandson Roger Horner had been conveyed lands at Heathen Carr and perhaps Lodge, before his grandfather died in 1682. He may be the same Roger Horner recorded as the Roger Horner of Lodge, an executor of the will of John Horner of Heathen Carr in 1734 [198] . This is made more probable in light of the fact that a John Hammond was a witness of the will [199] . This John Hammond may have been Roger and John's uncle, having married their aunt Elizabeth, or a cousin, son of either Henry hammond or John Hammond. Whatever the conection, it certainly proves a close connection between Roger Horner of Lodge and Thomas Horner of Heathen Carr.

      Roger Horner's brother John Horner, husbandman of Heathen Carr left three children [200] . They were all under the age of twenty-one, so he left them in the care of his wife Sarah [201] . He left his youngest children Simon and Mary well provided for [429] . His eldest son Joseph Horner was to inherit the rest of the estate, but at present the extent of the estate is unknown. John's brother Roger Horner of Lodge and Ralph King of Limley were his executors. Ralph King of Limley had married an Elizabeth Horner, daughter of John Horner of Sykes, curate [428] . This is interesting as this conects John Horner of Heathen Carr and Roger horner of Lodge with the Horners of Sikes Grange, although the exact relationship is at present unclear.

Joseph Horner of Lodge

      Joseph Horner of Lodge may have been the son of John Horner of Heathen Carr. He was born about 1717 and would have been only seventeen at the time of his father's death. He married Elizabeth Horner and they had a family of ten children, including three sons who survived infancy, John, Joseph and Wilks [427] . Joseph Horner was buried on 15 February 1773 aged fifty-five [426] . Joseph's brother Simon had two children christened in Middlesmoor, of whom only one son John survived infancy, but little else is known of him [425] . A John Horner of Middlesmoor, later married an Elizabeth Smith and had three children Mary, Joseph and John, but it is uncertain whether he was the son of Joseph or Simon Horner [424] . 

      Josephs' son Moses may have moved to moved to Coverham, married Margaret Lofhouse and had a large family of six children including four sons John, Simon, Joseph and Robert [388] .  Their daughter Dorothy had a son Joseph Horner in Burnsall and by 1861 was working in the household of Francis Clark in Kildwick [389] . A John Horner who may be connected married a Sarah and his son Moses settled in Durham in 1881 [387] . Moses's son Simon Horner moved to Middlesmoor by 1841 and was living with his wife Mary, son Thomas and daughter Jane [1] .

      Simon's son Moses Horner of West Houses settles in Embsay, Addingham and Burnsall in the nineteenth century [419] . He married Maria Holmes in Skipton in 1838 and they had at least one son John [420] . In 1841 Moses and Maria settle in Addingham, but by 1851 Moses is farming in Burnsall [421] . By 1881, Moses has died and his wife and two of their younger sons have moved to Clifford Hall Bentham [422] . Moses Horner died in 1879 aged 64 and was registered in Settle [423] .  Moses and Margaret's youngest son Robert Horner, son of Moses Horner marries Eden Woodrup in Skipton in 1845 and farms in Draughton in 1851 [2] .

William Horner of Embsay

    Joseph of Lodge's son Joseph Horner of Pateley Bridge married Anne Fyear in 1780 [385] . William and Anne had a family of four sons Tommy, William, Robert, Joseph and one daughter Mary [386] . Little is know of Tommy Horner, but William Horner settled in Embsay near Skipton in the early nineteenth century. William Horner moved to Embsay and farmed five acres, supplementing his income as a Blacksmith, and was the proprietor of ‘Hunward’ [384] . 

    William of Embsay  married Sarah Spencer in 1821 in Skipton and they had a large family [390] . Sarah Spencer may have been the daughter of James Spencer of Millholme Mill in Embsay [392] .  It is possible that William Horner’s skills as a blacksmith were needed to build the factory machinery [393] . It is possible that Sarah Spencer was the sister in law of Elizabeth Horner of Litton [394] .

   In 1837, William Horner and his partner Stanley Smith were recorded as Blacksmiths in Embsay [395] . As a Blacksmith, he may have had some connection with the Redmire Horners, as both smithying and leathers were involved with horses, but this is yet unproven. William appears to have been following in the family tradition as his brother, Joseph Horner, was a Blacksmith in Pateley Bridge in 1822 and 1823 [396] .His income was sufficient for him to be registered in the 1841, 1848 and 1859 Skipton Poll Books [397] .William settled in Embsay and is recorded as a widower in the 1871 census [402] .

 Joseph’s son Joseph Horner married Ann Airton of Arncliffe in 1812. He lived a long life as he was aged seventy one in the 1851 census in Pateley Bridge [403] . Joseph was a schoolmaster of Burnsall School. Joseph and Ann had three children christened in Arncliffe, Elizabeth, James and Joseph [404] .. By 1818 when their daughter Ann was born they had moved to Newbridge, in Middlesmoor Parish and Joseph is recorded as a weaver [405] . In 1822, when his daughter Susanna was born, Joseph had become schoolmaster at Ramsgill School [406] . Joseph and his wife Ann were both buried in Ramsgill [409] .Their son Joseph Horner was baptised in Pateley Bridge and farmed at South Oakes in Pateley Bridge [408] . He died at North Sykes House in Fellbrigde in 1889 and was buried in Pateley Bridge [407] . His son George was born at Fellbeck House in Bishopside in 1850 and his son Sugden Horner married Francis Swires [410] .

      By 1851, Joseph’s daughter Elizabeth had married and set up a home of her own in Laycock’s Yard in Skipton [411] Her husband John Spencer, aged 36, was a journeyman shoemaker, and they had two children, James Spencer, aged five, and Ann Horner Spencer, aged 2 [412] . Although John Spencer had been born in Skipton, both children were born in Bury, where Elizabeth and John had married [413] Being a Journeyman Shoemaker obviously involved travelling. Bury was a centre of industrial activity in the mid nineteenth century and many families travelled great distance to work there. It is not certain why Elizabeth Horner had gone to Bury, but she may have travelled to work in the cotton factories there. Elizabeth was probably pregnant when the census was taken as later, in November of that year, 1851, Elizabeth gave birth to another son John Spencer. This John Spencer later worked as a clerk for the Isaac Dewhursts firm in London and in 1896 set up a firm with a Mr Marks to form Marks and Spencers [414] . John Spencer’s initial outlay was about two hundred pounds.

      Other Horners in the Lofthouse area are not easy to place. A Richard Bayne of Lofthouse married an Elizabeth Horner of Lofthouse in Kirkby Malzeard in 1699 [300] . A Mary Horner, daughter Roger Horner, was christened 1 March 1712 [301]

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